United States · Bill · SJRES
S.J.Res. 1 (105th)
A joint resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require a balanced budget.
Introduced
21 January 1997
Last action
4 March 1997 · Vote
Status
Failed of passage in Senate by Yea-Nay Vote. 66-34. Record Vote No: 24.
Sponsors
Sen. Hatch, Orrin G. [R-UT], Sen. Lott, Trent [R-MS], Sen. Thurmond, Strom [R-SC], Sen. Craig, Larry E. [R-ID], Sen. Nickles, Don [R-OK], Sen. Domenici, Pete V. [R-NM], Sen. Stevens, Ted [R-AK], Sen. Roth Jr., William V. [R-DE], Sen. Bryan, Richard H. [D-NV], Sen. Kohl, Herb [D-WI], Sen. Grassley, Chuck [R-IA], Sen. Graham, Bob [D-FL], Sen. Specter, Arlen [R-PA], Sen. Baucus, Max [D-MT], Sen. Thompson, Fred [R-TN], Sen. Breaux, John B. [D-LA], Sen. Kyl, Jon [R-AZ], Sen. Moseley-Braun, Carol [D-IL], Sen. DeWine, Mike [R-OH], Sen. Robb, Charles S. [D-VA], Sen. Abraham, Spencer [R-MI], Sen. Ashcroft, John [R-MO], Sen. Sessions, Jeff [R-AL], Sen. D'Amato, Alfonse [R-NY], Sen. Helms, Jesse [R-NC], Sen. Lugar, Richard G. [R-IN], Sen. Chafee, John H. [R-RI], Sen. McCain, John [R-AZ], Sen. Jeffords, James M. [I-VT], Sen. Warner, John [R-VA], Sen. Coverdell, Paul [R-GA], Sen. Cochran, Thad [R-MS], Sen. Hutchison, Kay Bailey [R-TX], Sen. Mack, Connie, III [R-FL], Sen. Gramm, Phil [R-TX], Sen. Snowe, Olympia J. [R-ME], Sen. Allard, Wayne [R-CO], Sen. Brownback, Sam [R-KS], Sen. Collins, Susan M. [R-ME], Sen. Enzi, Michael B. [R-WY], Sen. Hagel, Chuck [R-NE], Sen. Hutchinson, Tim [R-AR], Sen. Roberts, Pat [R-KS], Sen. Smith, Gordon H. [R-OR], Sen. Bennett, Robert F. [R-UT], Sen. Bond, Christopher S. [R-MO], Sen. Burns, Conrad R. [R-MT], Sen. Campbell, Ben Nighthorse [R-CO]
Subjects
Defence, Rule of law, Taxation, Budget
Source updated
10 August 2026
Defence · Rule of law · Taxation · Budget
Summary
Constitutional Amendment - Prohibits outlays for a fiscal year (except those for repayment of debt principal) from exceeding total receipts (except those derived from borrowing) for that fiscal year unless the Congress, by a three-fifths roll call vote of each House, authorizes a specific excess of outlays over receipts. Requires a three-fifths roll call vote of each House to increase the public debt. Directs the President to submit a balanced budget to the Congress. Requires the approval of a majority of each House by roll call vote before any bill to increase revenue may become law. Authorizes the Congress to waive these provisions when: (1) a declaration of war is in effect; or (2) the United States is engaged in a military conflict which poses a threat to national security as declared by a joint resolution adopted by a majority of each House. Makes this article effective beginning with FY 2002 or with the second fiscal year beginning after its ratification, whichever is later.
This text is taken from the official record. PoliticalRepo does not editorialize.
Timeline
21 January 1997
Introduced
Read twice and referred to the Committee on Judiciary.
Source: IntroReferral
21 January 1997
Introduced
Sponsor introductory remarks on measure. (CR S552-553)
Source: IntroReferral
21 January 1997
Introduced
Introduced in Senate
Source: IntroReferral
22 January 1997
Committee
Committee on Judiciary. Hearings held. Hearings printed: S.Hrg. 105-115.
Source: Committee
22 January 1997
Floor
Star Print ordered on S.J.Res. 1.
Source: Floor
30 January 1997
Reported
Committee on Judiciary. Ordered to be reported without amendment favorably.
Source: Committee
3 February 1997
Reported
Committee on Judiciary. Reported to Senate by Senator Hatch under the authority of the order of Jan 30, 97 without amendment. With written report No. 105-3. Additional and minority views filed.
Source: Committee
3 February 1997
Calendars
Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. 12.
Source: Calendars
3 February 1997
Reported
Committee on Judiciary. Reported to Senate by Senator Hatch under the authority of the order of Jan 30, 97 without amendment. With written report No. 105-3. Additional and minority views filed.
Source: Committee
5 February 1997
Floor
Measure laid before Senate by unanimous consent. (consideration: CR S994-1015)
Source: Floor
6 February 1997
Floor
Considered by Senate. (consideration: CR S1057-1072, S1079-1099)
Source: Floor
7 February 1997
Floor
Considered by Senate. (consideration: CR S1119-1124, S1126-1130, S1140-1143)
Source: Floor
10 February 1997
Floor
Considered by Senate. (consideration: CR S1152-1187)
Source: Floor
11 February 1997
Floor
Considered by Senate. (consideration: CR S1203-1212, S1219-1223)
Source: Floor
12 February 1997
Floor
Considered by Senate. (consideration: CR S1255-1265, S1268-1296)
Source: Floor
24 February 1997
Floor
Considered by Senate. (consideration: CR S1448-1468)
Source: Floor
25 February 1997
Floor
Considered by Senate. (consideration: CR S1495-1518, S1525-1547)
Source: Floor
26 February 1997
Floor
Considered by Senate. (consideration: CR S1593-1650)
Source: Floor
27 February 1997
Floor
Considered by Senate. (consideration: CR S1689-1726)
Source: Floor
4 March 1997
Floor
Considered by Senate. (consideration: CR S1847-1922)
Source: Floor
4 March 1997
Vote
Failed of passage/not agreed to in Senate: Failed of passage in Senate by Yea-Nay Vote. 66-34. Record Vote No: 24.
Source: Floor
Votes
4 March 1997 · Joint Resolution Defeated · On the Joint Resolution S.J.Res. 1 · Joint Resolution Defeated · Official source
Yes 66 · No 34 · Abstain — · Absent/not voting 0
- Sen. D'Amato, Alfonse [R-NY]Yea
- Sen. Specter, Arlen [R-PA]Yea
- Sen. Boxer, Barbara [D-CA]Nay
- Sen. Mikulski, Barbara A. [D-MD]Nay
Showing the first 4 recorded positions. Vote totals above are complete.
Versions
- Reported to Senate · 3 February 1997 · Download file
- Introduced in Senate · 21 January 1997 · Download file
Documents
5 official files
Reported to Senate (text)
This file cannot be previewed here. Use View or Download.
Leesvertaling
Vertaal dit document naar jouw taal. PoliticalRepo bewaart geen aparte kopie per EU-taal.
Documentvertaling op verzoek met downloadbare PDF (logo + link naar de officiële bron). Het bronbestand blijft leidend.
Reported to Senate (text)
Reported to Senate · EN · 3 February 1997
Reported to Senate (PDF)
Reported to Senate · EN · 3 February 1997
ViewDownloadOpen at official source
Leesvertaling
Vertaal dit document naar jouw taal. PoliticalRepo bewaart geen aparte kopie per EU-taal.
Documentvertaling op verzoek met downloadbare PDF (logo + link naar de officiële bron). Het bronbestand blijft leidend.
Introduced in Senate (text)
Introduced in Senate · EN · 21 January 1997
ViewDownloadOpen at official source
Leesvertaling
Vertaal dit document naar jouw taal. PoliticalRepo bewaart geen aparte kopie per EU-taal.
Documentvertaling op verzoek met downloadbare PDF (logo + link naar de officiële bron). Het bronbestand blijft leidend.
Introduced in Senate (PDF)
Introduced in Senate · EN · 21 January 1997
ViewDownloadOpen at official source
Leesvertaling
Vertaal dit document naar jouw taal. PoliticalRepo bewaart geen aparte kopie per EU-taal.
Documentvertaling op verzoek met downloadbare PDF (logo + link naar de officiële bron). Het bronbestand blijft leidend.
Introduced in Senate
summary · EN · 21 January 1997
Leesvertaling
Vertaal dit document naar jouw taal. PoliticalRepo bewaart geen aparte kopie per EU-taal.
Documentvertaling op verzoek met downloadbare PDF (logo + link naar de officiële bron). Het bronbestand blijft leidend.
Sponsors
- Sen. Hatch, Orrin G. [R-UT] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Lott, Trent [R-MS] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Thurmond, Strom [R-SC] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Craig, Larry E. [R-ID] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Nickles, Don [R-OK] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Domenici, Pete V. [R-NM] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Stevens, Ted [R-AK] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Roth Jr., William V. [R-DE] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Bryan, Richard H. [D-NV] · D · Sponsor
- Sen. Kohl, Herb [D-WI] · D · Sponsor
- Sen. Grassley, Chuck [R-IA] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Graham, Bob [D-FL] · D · Sponsor
- Sen. Specter, Arlen [R-PA] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Baucus, Max [D-MT] · D · Sponsor
- Sen. Thompson, Fred [R-TN] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Breaux, John B. [D-LA] · D · Sponsor
- Sen. Kyl, Jon [R-AZ] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Moseley-Braun, Carol [D-IL] · D · Sponsor
- Sen. DeWine, Mike [R-OH] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Robb, Charles S. [D-VA] · D · Sponsor
- Sen. Abraham, Spencer [R-MI] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Ashcroft, John [R-MO] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Sessions, Jeff [R-AL] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. D'Amato, Alfonse [R-NY] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Helms, Jesse [R-NC] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Lugar, Richard G. [R-IN] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Chafee, John H. [R-RI] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. McCain, John [R-AZ] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Jeffords, James M. [I-VT] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Warner, John [R-VA] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Coverdell, Paul [R-GA] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Cochran, Thad [R-MS] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Hutchison, Kay Bailey [R-TX] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Mack, Connie, III [R-FL] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Gramm, Phil [R-TX] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Snowe, Olympia J. [R-ME] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Allard, Wayne [R-CO] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Brownback, Sam [R-KS] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Collins, Susan M. [R-ME] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Enzi, Michael B. [R-WY] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Hagel, Chuck [R-NE] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Hutchinson, Tim [R-AR] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Roberts, Pat [R-KS] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Smith, Gordon H. [R-OR] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Bennett, Robert F. [R-UT] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Bond, Christopher S. [R-MO] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Burns, Conrad R. [R-MT] · R · Sponsor
- Sen. Campbell, Ben Nighthorse [R-CO] · R · Sponsor
Showing 48 of 63 sponsors and actors.
Related records
- related to → Proposing an amendment to the Constitution to provide for a balanced budget for the United States Government and for greater accountability in the enactment of tax legislation.
- amends ← To allow waiver of the article in the event of an economic recession or serious economic emergency.
- amends ← To state the policy of the United States that, in achieving a balanced budget, Federal outlays should not be reduced in a manner that disproportionately affects outlays for education, nutrition, and health programs for poor children.
- amends ← To simplify the conditions for a declaration of an imminent and serious threat to national security.
- amends ← To strike the reliance on estimates and receipts.
- amends ← To require that the outlay and receipt totals of the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Funds not be included as a part of the budget totals.
- amends ← To propose a substitute amendment.
- amends ← In the nature of a substitute.
- amends ← To permit limited waiver during economic emergencies and allow a capital budget.
Showing 9 of 17 related records.
Sources
PoliticalRepo is an index and interpretation layer, not the authoritative legal source.
- Official source: https://www.congress.gov/bill/105th-congress/senate-joint-resolution/1
- Open data entity: https://api.congress.gov/v3/bill/105/sjres/1
- us · 105-sjres-1 · source updated 10 August 2026