Person

Léo Walter

France

Records

27 records where Léo Walter is listed as a sponsor, author, or other actor. Search with topics and years

Question· Question écrite17821open

Question 17821 — unions

France · National Assembly · 14 May 2024

Ministry of Agriculture and Food Sovereignty

Question· Question écrite17764open

Question 17764 — family

France · National Assembly · 14 May 2024

Mr. Léo Walter alerts the Keeper of the Seals, Minister of Justice, to the case of Ms. Sophie Abida, an individual situation unfortunately representative of the problem of “protective parents” in the context of cases of domestic violence and sexual violence against children. The MP informs the Minister of what he received Ms. Abida accompanied by her lawyer, who had appealed to him as a member of the delegation for children's rights of the National Assembly. Ms. Abida is one of these protective parents, mainly women, who, having filed a complaint against the father of their children for domestic violence or acts of incest, find themselves in the paradoxical situation of being prosecuted by the courts for "non-representation of a child" or "slanderous denunciation", thereby suffering sanctions that could go as far as being placed in police custody or even pre-trial detention; but above all the loss of custody of the children, entrusted to the alleged aggressor parent. The MP alerts the Minister to the still common suspicions which weigh on the words of these protective mothers, accused of “hysteria” or “parental alienation syndrome” (concepts devoid of any scientific basis); and on the vicious circle in which they find themselves then locked up, any action taken by them to denounce the actions of the alleged attackers or to regain custody of their children therefore reinforces these suspicions. Numerous testimonies also question the role of experts appointed by the courts in this type of case: “expertise” carried out against the complainants, absence of hearings of them (this is the case of Ms. Abida), allegations again of hysteria or parental alienation syndrome. The MP underlines that a reflection on the status of these experts, on their training in these complex issues, but also on the weight of expertise in judicial decisions seems absolutely necessary to carry out. The MP recalls that the UN special rapporteurs questioned France in July 2023 on the situation of Ms. Sophie Abida, but also of Ms. Priscilla Majani and Ms. Hanna Dam-Stokholm, who also face “apparently discriminatory treatment” and “violence inflicted” by the court decisions taken against them. These experts then urged France to protect children against incest and all forms of sexual abuse; and stressed that the conditions of investigation at the stage of the children's allegations do not allow this obligation to be met. The deputy reminds also that the Independent Commission on Incest and Sexual Violence Against Children (CIIVISE) took up this issue of “protective mothers” and made three recommendations in this regard: “provide for the automatic suspension of the exercise of parental authority and visiting and accommodation rights of the parent prosecuted for rape or incestuous sexual assault against their child; suspend proceedings criminal charges for non-representation of children against one parent when an investigation is underway against the other parent for incestuous sexual violence; provide, in law, for the systematic withdrawal of parental authority in the event of the conviction of a parent for incestuous sexual violence against their child.” If Law No. 2024-233 “aims to better protect and support child victims and co-victims of domestic violence”, promulgated on March 18, 2024, constitutes progress and responds to the third recommendation of the CIIVISE, it does not however provide any solution to the situation of Ms. Abida and other protective mothers concerned by current cases. This is why the MP questions the Keeper of the Seals about the measures that can be put in place to respond to the particular situation of Ms. Sophie Abida and to protect her children from potential harm from their alleged attacker who has just been sentenced by the Chartres criminal court, this Monday, May 6, 2024, to three months' imprisonment with a simple suspended sentence for “violence against children under 15 years old by a person in authority”. Beyond this particular case, the MP inquires about the follow-up that the Minister intends to give to the first two recommendations of the CIIVISE concerning protective mothers. Finally, he asks him to carry out in-depth reflection on authorization, training and taking into account the opinions of experts in cases of domestic violence and more broadly in cases of sexual violence.

Question· Question écrite17747open

Question 17747 — teaching

France · National Assembly · 14 May 2024

Ministry of National Education and Youth

Question· Question écrite17713open

Question 17713 — veterans and victims of war

France · National Assembly · 14 May 2024

Mr. Léo Walter draws the attention of the Secretary of State to the Minister of the Armed Forces, responsible for veterans and memory, to the situation of harkis resettled after their passage through transit camps and forestry hamlets in her constituency of Alpes-de-Haute-Provence. He would like to point out that he has already questioned her in a written question published in the Official Journal on October 11, 2022 (question no. 1985). The latter concerned the recognition of the cities of Les Quatre Saisons and Saint-Martin (today Les Grands Prés) located in Manosque (04100), as eligible for the aid and reparation system for displaced families, in accordance with the rights conferred by decree no. February 23, 2022. Since then, the cited Les Quatre Saisons was recognized by the Independent National Commission for Recognition and Reparation of Damage Suffered by Harkis (CNIH) as a place of relegation, giving right to compensation for former harkis who lived there. Conversely, the city of Saint-Martin has not been listed, although its recognition is obvious and all the more necessary following the condemnation of France by the European Court of Rights of the man in its Chamber judgment Tamazount and others v. France of April 4, 2024. The deputy recalls that the law promulgated on February 23, 2022, of which Ms. Miralles was rapporteur, officially recognizes the responsibility of the State in the harm suffered by the harkis and their families due to serious breaches of the duties and values of the Republic. This text opens the right to compensation to those of them who have stayed in transit camps and forestry hamlets between March 20, 1962 and December 31, 1975. In this case, the city of Saint-Martin is among the places of relegation and unworthy housing in which the harki families were settled. As a result, the recognition of only one of the two cities constitutes a difference in treatment that is difficult to justify, insofar as the people directed to the city Saint-Martin were only based on their quality of harkis and due to the saturation of forestry hamlets in the department. The MP therefore emphasizes again that it is coherent to extend the aid and reparation system to displaced families in the city of Saint-Martin, where living conditions were just as unworthy as in the forestry hamlets or in the city of Quatre Saisons; and that sorting out those who have living in comparable relegation structures constitutes an unacceptable difference in treatment. Thus, in view of the difference in treatment between harkis, the MP once again questions the Secretary of State about the possibility of including the city of Saint-Martin (today Les Grands Prés) in the list of places where repatriated harkis and their families have stayed on national territory. He insists on the fact that there is an urgent need, given the duration of non-recognition of the harm suffered, to open to the families of the harkis who stayed in this city of Manosque the rights conferred on the beneficiaries of decree no. 2020-513 of May 4, 2020 modifying the decree of December 28, 2018, decree establishing an aid system for the children of former harkis, moghaznis and staff various auxiliary formations of civil status under local law and assimilated to all harkis. He wants to know his position on the subject.

Question· Question écrite17555open

Question 17555 — commerce and crafts

France · National Assembly · 7 May 2024

Mr. Léo Walter alerts the Minister Delegate to the Minister of the Economy, Finance and Industrial and Digital Sovereignty, responsible for businesses, tourism and consumption, to the dysfunctions observed in the authorization of the establishment of commercial spaces, which could lead to illegal establishments. Indeed, it happens that the establishment of large areas is made possible via authorization commercial exploitation, even though it contravenes the rules established by the local town planning plan (PLU) or the environmental protection rules applicable in the territory concerned. This is an insufficient legal articulation between the commercial exploitation authorization and urban planning authorization systems, which results in part from the removal of the urban planning certificate - this was previously required in commercial operating authorization application files. The commercial authorization and urban planning authorization procedures being distinct, the first is sometimes issued even though the construction is incompatible with the PLU. It also seems that building permits are requested and issued for commercial areas just below the threshold of 1,000 m2 requiring the agreement of the commission. departmental commercial development department (CDAC), while the areas actually built actually exceed this threshold, certain sales spaces having been fraudulently excluded from the calculation, in particular by means of the qualification as “non-affected premises”. However, traders and craftsmen whose economic activity suffers from the establishment of these large stores are not recognized as having any interest in taking legal action against these illegal settlements, the only legal act that could be contested being the building permit, against which they have no possible recourse. The protection of small businesses is essential for the revitalization of rural areas like the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, for the preservation of jobs and for the ecological transition to which they contribute by promoting local purchases. This protection includes by supervising the development of large commercial outlets. It therefore appears particularly unfair and contrary to the general interest that the construction of large commercial areas is authorized illegally and without traders and craftsmen being able to complain about it in court. If the “ELAN” law has made it possible to strengthen the a posteriori control of commercial law infringements, it appears necessary to organize better articulation between the legal regimes resulting from the commercial code, the town planning code and the environment code, in order to better guarantee that the establishment of a commercial space can only be authorized on condition of respecting the rules provided for by all of these regimes. It also appears necessary to remedy the impossibility for merchant-artisans to take legal action against all the legal acts concerned when large commercial outlets are illegally established. He therefore questions him about the actions in progress or the actions planned to remedy these difficulties; he asks him to pay all his attention to this written question resulting from numerous exchanges with the association “In all honesty”.

Question· Question écrite17540open

Question 17540 — building and public works

France · National Assembly · 7 May 2024

Mr. Léo Walter alerts the Minister Delegate to the Minister for Ecological Transition and Territorial Cohesion, responsible for housing, about the difficulties encountered by construction and public works companies in his department. In the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, it is increasingly difficult to find accommodation. Rent prices are reaching levels that make access to housing more and more difficult for inhabitants and in particular for the youngest. At the same time, the price of land and construction is experiencing a continuous increase, to which is added that of credit rates and inflation. For their part, construction professionals are worried because their situation is increasingly precarious and fragile. In this very rural department, these are essentially small and very small businesses, faced with in competition with large companies from Vaucluse, Var and Bouches-du-Rhône, themselves affected by the same difficulties and who are looking for other outlets nearby. In this context, the renovation of existing housing is an important issue. However, the decision of the Minister of the Economy to eliminate one billion euros for the MaPrimeRénov system, as well as the cut of five hundred million euros from the Green Fund, are considered counterproductive for both professionals and individuals. Furthermore, in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, there are only two “Renov' guides” for one of the largest departments in France: this is largely insufficient, as evidenced by the collapse in requests for help. The ministry's recent announcements on this subject do not calm the concerns of professionals in the sector: shifting their missions to companies labeled “RGE” is a solution which strongly questions the objectivity and impartiality of the expertise. He therefore asks him what measures he intends to take to support the construction industry in this difficult time; he reminds him that there is an urgent need to take proactive measures allowing access to decent housing for all, such as differentiated taxation of second homes, a legislation allowing municipalities (including the smallest) to act on the “hollow teeth” present in many villages, the requisition of vacant housing, the control of land prices and rents.

Question· Question écrite17529open

Question 17529 — agriculture

France · National Assembly · 7 May 2024

M. Léo Walter appelle l'attention de M. le ministre de l'agriculture et de la souveraineté alimentaire sur la définition de l'agrivoltaïsme prévue par le décret d'application de l'article 54 de la loi « APER ». M. le député rappelle que cette définition induit une mise en concurrence entre la production énergétique et la production alimentaire en privilégiant la production énergétique par le biais de prix garantis. La définition par ce même décret de la notion de « terres incultes » sur lesquelles pourront être implantées des installations photovoltaïques sans respecter les critères de l'agrivoltaïsme risque de plus de priver les territoires de terres essentielles à l'agriculture - et en particulier au pastoralisme -, surtout dans les départements de montagne. Il apparaît également que la mise en place de panneaux photovoltaïques sur des terres agricoles n'est pas compatible avec le droit de fermage, en ce sens que ce dernier doit garantir à l'exploitant la jouissance « pleine et entière » des terres. Or, dans la majorité des cas, les projets d'installations photovoltaïques sont portés par des opérateurs du secteur énergétique qui sollicitent directement les propriétaires afin d'obtenir la maîtrise du foncier. La mise en place d'un « bail agrivoltaïsme », encadrant les contrats passés entre les entreprises du secteur énergétique et les exploitations agricoles, représente ainsi une atteinte au statut de fermage et une perte d'autonomie pour le fermier. Il est donc urgent que les fermiers actuels ou futurs puissent être sécurisés par le cadre du bail rural, afin d'exercer leur activité agricole de manière autonome et souveraine et qu'aucune nouvelle dérogation aux dispositions du bail rural ne soit prise. Alors que le ministre de l'économie Bruno Le Maire a annoncé le 5 avril 2024 à Manosque, dans la circonscription de M. le député, une accélération du déploiement de l'agrivoltaïsme, volonté confirmée par la parution du décret du 9 avril 2024 qui ne donne aucune des garanties nécessaires, M. le député appelle l'attention de M. le ministre sur le vide juridique et le manque de prise en compte dans ce décret des questions de transmission, d'installation ou de vente. Il rappelle enfin que l'utilisation des surfaces déjà artificialisées doit rester la règle pour les installations d'équipements de production énergétique. Il lui demande d'apporter la plus grande attention à cette question écrite, issue d'une motion adoptée à l'unanimité par la Chambre d'agriculture des Alpes-de-Haute-Provence le 15 mars 2024 et ce au nom de l'ensemble des agriculteurs du département. Il demande que soient prises en compte ces revendications afin de garantir la souveraineté alimentaire telle qu'elle est définie dans la déclaration des Nations unies des droits des paysans et des autres populations travaillant en zone rurale (UNDROP), adoptée en 2018, et souhaite connaître ses intentions à ce sujet.

Question· Question écrite17155open

Question 17155 — immigration

France · National Assembly · 16 April 2024

M. Léo Walter interroge M. le ministre de l'intérieur et des outre-mer sur les pratiques policières agressives et illégales dans la Manche à l'encontre de personnes exilées. Il rappelle à M. le ministre que le 15 décembre 2023, celui-ci se rendait à Calais (Hauts-de-France) où se joue une situation humanitaire catastrophique depuis 2015, afin de défendre les mesures de sa loi sur l'asile et l'immigration. À cette occasion, M. le ministre se flattait de la sécurisation du littoral et venait annoncer de nouveaux moyens pour que les policiers luttent contre les départs de personnes exilées vers l'Angleterre. La veille de cette visite, deux personnes avaient trouvé la mort alors qu'elles tentaient la traversée vers l'Angleterre sur des embarcations pneumatiques ou « small boats ». M. le député souligne que, depuis 10 ans, le budget alloué à la lutte contre les traversées de la Manche culmine à 700 millions d'euros. Pourtant, les chiffres officiels font état d'une augmentation graduelle des traversées de la Manche à partir du littoral français. En effet, en 2021, le nombre de traversées avait doublé par rapport à 2020 ; et ce sont près de 18 200 personnes exilées qui ont rejoint les côtes du Royaume-Uni à bord de ces embarcations de fortune, au cours des neufs premiers mois de l'année 2021. C'est deux fois plus que sur l'ensemble de l'année précédente (8 417 en 2020), année pour laquelle le niveau était déjà quatre fois plus élevé qu'en 2019 (1 823). En 2023, ce sont 29 437 exilés et exilées qui ont rejoint les côtes anglaises, contre 45 774 en 2022, année record, selon des chiffres du ministère britannique de l'intérieur. En 2024, on décompte déjà 4 300 traversées et 5 accidents mortels. Pourtant dès 2020, le Centre régional opérationnel de surveillance et de sauvetage du Gris-Nez annonçait dans son bilan d'activité une « massification des départs » et estimait qu'« il s'agit désormais d'un phénomène structurel, amené à durer ». En effet, en raison de l'intensification des contrôles douaniers, administratifs et sanitaires sur le chemin du Royaume-Uni, liée au Brexit, les small boats deviennent le moyen de passage privilégié des migrants. M. le député alerte M. le ministre sur le fait que, alors que les budgets alloués à la lutte contre les traversées irrégulières augmentent chaque année, les morts aussi, du fait entre autres des pratiques observées chez les forces de l'ordre françaises, comme le démontre l'enquête de Julia Pascual (envoyée spéciale à Calais et Loon-Plage), Tomas Statius (Lighthouse Reports) et Cellule Enquête vidéo, sortie le 23 mars 2024 dans le journal Le Monde . Depuis 2018, la version officielle du Gouvernement est celle du respect du droit de la mer, qui interdit aux forces de l'ordre d'intervenir pour empêcher l'embarcation d'avancer lorsque le small boat est déjà en mer. Or cette enquête vient démontrer le contraire. Pourquoi le ministère a-t-il menti à ce sujet ? Comment M. le ministre explique-t-il que la France soit devenue le bras armé de l'Angleterre ? Si ce n'est la preuve d'une inefficacité de ces méthodes sécuritaires pour répondre à des problèmes endémiques, on peut légitimement se demander si cette politique ne doit pas être tenue pour responsable des morts occasionnées par la stratégie française de gestion des mouvements migratoires. En effet, le non-respect de la directive à diffusion restreinte du 10 novembre 2022 qui stipule que « le cadre de l'action des moyens agissant en mer (...) y compris dans la bande littorale des 300 mètres (...) est celui de la recherche et du sauvetage en mer » et « ne permet pas de mener des actions coercitives de lutte contre l'immigration clandestine » vient réaffirmer que les pratiques policières dans la Manche depuis 2018 sont illégales. Afin de déterminer si l'argent public des contribuables sert à financer les pratiques illégales des forces de l'ordre françaises à l'égard de personnes exilées qui tentent de rejoindre l'Angleterre, M. le député exhorte M. le ministre à soutenir la création de la « Commission d'enquête pour faire la lumière sur les conséquences des accords du Touquet sur l'action publique et le respect des libertés et droits fondamentaux des personnes en situation de migration » portée par le groupe parlementaire LFI-NUPES. Alors que quatre préfectures françaises ont tweeté #sauvezdesvies ce vendredi 23 mars 2024 à la sortie de l'enquête, les pratiques que M. le minsitre soutient dans la Manche amène M. le député à lui demander si elles n'auraient pas plutôt dû écrire #sacrifiezdesvies . Il demande lui donc comment il réagit à cette enquête qui révèle l'inefficacité des millions d'euros d'argent public investis pour protéger les frontières anglaises s'il compte sanctionner les fonctionnaires qui se rendent coupables de pratiques illégales de « pull back », comptabilisées par le ministère sous le nom « d'interceptions en mer ».

Question· Question écrite16165open

Question 16165 — refugees and stateless persons

France · National Assembly · 12 March 2024

Mr. Léo Walter draws the attention of the Minister of the Interior and Overseas Territories to the working conditions of agents of the French Office for the Protection of Refugees and Stateless Persons (OFPRA), the latter having serious consequences on the agents themselves, which have repercussions on asylum seekers. The agents of this public administrative establishment (EPA) placed under the Ministry of the Interior and Overseas Territories and responsible for implementing implementation of constitutional and international obligations regarding the right to asylum, have mobilized four times since October 2023 to defend the quality of the public service provided by the Office. They denounced unrealistic pressure on their work resulting from the activity figures required by the objectives and performance contract which links OFPRA to the ministries of the interior and the budget; pressure relayed by their hierarchy, both in terms of collective and individual objectives. Staff point out the complexity of the procedures for examining requests for international protection, due to constraints relating, in particular, to the detection of profiles presenting a possible security threat on the one hand and a requirement for better consideration of vulnerabilities arising from national and European texts on the other hand. The program budgetary 303 “Immigration and asylum” of the “Immigration, asylum and integration” mission of the latest finance law for 2024, notes that the very high turnover of OFPRA agents, due to this strong work pressure which is also a source of psycho-social risks, is damaging for the very achievement of the set numerical objectives. The MP denounces the consequences of this frantic pace of work imposed on agents, which has direct repercussions on the exercise of the rights of asylum seekers. Indeed, their story, central to their protection, must be heard in the best possible conditions. In addition, since October 2023, the Director General of OFPRA has referred the possible revision of the numerical objectives that OFPRA agents consider unrealistic (such as the rate of 1.7 summons per day in the investigation services), to the negotiations of the objective and performance contract (COP) for the years 2024-2026 which should apparently be concluded in March 2024, between the Office, its ministry and the budget ministry. However, on February 5, 2024, the online daily Mediapart revealed the content of an audit report ordered by the Director General of OFPRA in 2021 from the Interministerial Directorate for Public Transformation (DITP) with a view to reducing delays processing of asylum applications by OFPRA. Three private firms analyzed the working procedures within the Office for an amount of nearly 485,000 euros, as revealed in the report of the Senate commission of inquiry into the growing influence of private consulting firms on public policies and submitted their conclusions to the Director General of OFPRA from April 2022. The conclusions of this report were not made public, nor even communicated to OFPRA agents by the management of the Office. The MP is surprised that a report financed with public funds is not systematically the subject of a publication of interest to both the agents of the public service concerned and the users, citizens and parliamentarians, guarantors of the control and evaluation of public policies. Besides this, he notes that according to the press article cited, the DITP report mentions that the target of 1.7 interviews per day is “unrealistic” and that it causes “unnecessary pressure” on agents. Furthermore, this same report recommends as a first “priority solution” a reduction in the summons rate to 1.2 asylum application interviews per day, making the drafting of decisions more fluid and ultimately reducing processing times. Also, he asks her if, as part of the development of the OFPRA's 2024-2026 objectives and performance contract (COP), the quantified objectives per agent will be based on a reduction in the target objective of interviews per day, from 1.7 to 1.2, as recommended by the DITP report of April 2022.

Question· Question écrite13785open

Question 13785 — agriculture

France · National Assembly · 19 December 2023

M. Léo Walter appelle l'attention de M. le ministre de l'agriculture et de la souveraineté alimentaire sur la situation préoccupante des associations syndicales autorisées en hydraulique agricole (ASA) d'irrigation et d'assainissement. M. le député rappelle que les ASA, au nombre de 1 149 sur le territoire national et présentes dans 42 départements, sont reconnues d'utilité publique et permettent l'irrigation de plus de 35 000 exploitations agricoles. Actrices clé de l'irrigation collective, elles en assurent une part importante, en alternative avec les services procurés par les sociétés d'aménagement régional. M. le député souligne que les ASA, et en particulier celles ne pouvant utiliser d'irrigation en gravitaire, sont très dépendantes des variations des prix de l'électricité. L'aide aux entreprises électro-intensives, la baisse de la contribution au service public de l'électricité (CSPE) et l'augmentation puis le retour à 100 TWH du volume de l'accès régulé à l'énergie nucléaire historique (ARENH) ne les concernent que marginalement. Le bouclier tarifaire n'est pas suffisant face à la flambée des prix et les exploitants ne peuvent répercuter l'augmentation des coûts de production dans leur prix de vente du m3 d'eau aux agriculteurs adhérents. Aussi, considérant ces éléments, M. le député alerte M. le ministre sur la situation de certaines ASA qui, afin de suivre les préconisations des services de l'État, ont délégué leur pouvoir de négociation pour l'approvisionnement en électricité de leurs stations de pompage à l'UGAP. Celle-ci, sous la tutelle du ministère du budget, leur garantissait censément « les meilleurs prix, optimisés et fixes ». Cependant, en 2022, l'augmentation subie était de 30 %. En 2023, leur fournisseur attitré par l'UGAP les informait d'un doublement probable des prix ; tandis que d'autres structures n'ayant pas adhéré à l'UGAP ont pu bénéficier de tarifs plus faibles et plus stables, ainsi que de contrats plus transparents. Enfin, si certaines inquiétudes avaient été initialement dissipées avec la mise en place de l'amortisseur tarifaire et le plafonnement à 22 centimes le kWh, les ASA se sont rendu compte à réception des factures au mois de juillet 2023 que le mécanisme avait au contraire majoré leurs factures ! Afin de garantir la souveraineté alimentaire des territoires et de pérenniser l'existence de ces structures exerçant une mission d'intérêt général, M. le député interroge M. le ministre afin d'obtenir une explication sur cette politique de prix ; il insiste sur la nécessité de mettre en place des règles pluriannuelles claires et transparentes, avec des tarifs adaptés aux spécificités de la consommation des ASA. Il lui demande également que soient prises en compte les disparités géographiques et les variations en besoins de pompage afin d'aplanir les inégalités entre ASA. Il souhaite connaître ses intentions à ce sujet.

Question· Question écrite13186answered

Question 13186 — rail transport

France · National Assembly · 21 November 2023

Le Gouvernement est très soucieux de l'offre et de la qualité des services proposés aux usagers. Il encourage naturellement toutes les initiatives et les plans d'actions entrepris par les régions, SNCF Voyageurs ainsi que les autres entreprises entrant dans le marché français, pour accroître l'usage des services ferroviaires régionaux et à longue distance face à celui de la voiture individuelle. Toutefois, en application du principe de libre administration des collectivités territoriales, l'Etat n'intervient pas dans la définition des politiques de desserte, tarifaires et de distribution mises en œuvre par les régions en tant qu'autorités organisatrices des services de transport express régional (TER). D'autre part, s'agissant des services librement organisés tels que notamment les TGV, SNCF Voyageurs bénéficie d'une autonomie de gestion au même titre que les nouvelles entreprises ferroviaires opérant en France. S'agissant en particulier des cartes de réduction mises en place par SNCF Voyageurs, certaines régions, chargées notamment depuis 2016 de définir librement leur tarification, ont fait le choix de ne pas reconnaitre les cartes « Avantage ». Ces cartes permettent de bénéficier de réductions dans les trains TGV InOui et Intercités mais, à défaut d'un accord tarifaire négocié entre les régions et SNCF Voyageurs, ne peuvent s'appliquer aux trains régionaux. On peut toutefois rappeler que les régions proposent des cartes de réduction annuelles à des prix particulièrement intéressants permettant de bénéficier de réductions dans tous les TER qu'elles organisent et s'appliquant parfois aussi aux trajets de ou vers les régions limitrophes. C'est le cas par exemple des trois TER directs journaliers circulant entre Lyon Part-Dieu et Marseille Saint-Charles qui garantissent des tarifs réduits aux porteurs des cartes TER tant de la Région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (« Illico Liberté ») que de la Région Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (« Zou ! Malin »). En ce qui concerne le yield management pratiqué par SNCF Voyageurs notamment sur ses services TGV, on peut noter que, grâce à ce système de tarification flexible, l'entreprise est en mesure d'exploiter le potentiel économique de ses trains et d'accroître significativement leur taux de remplissage. Pour les usagers, cette pratique tarifaire permet d'offrir des prix particulièrement avantageux en certaines périodes et donc d'ouvrir l'accès aux TGV à des voyageurs qui ne pourraient pas payer un prix plus élevé.

Question· Question écrite13134open

Question 13134 — pharmacy and medications

France · National Assembly · 21 November 2023

Mr. Léo Walter alerts the Minister of Health and Prevention on France's therapeutic independence through the prism of the Sanofi group's new 2024/2025 savings plan. He would like to recall that during the questions to the Government session on June 6, 2023, he had already alerted MM. the ministers of industry and health regarding the elimination announced on April 13, 2023 of 135 positions in two of Sanofi's French factories: 70 to Aramon in Gard and 65 in Sisteron, in its Alpes-de-Haute-Provence constituency, or more than 10% of the workforce. The MP addresses this new question to the Government following the Sanofi press release dated October 27, 2023, press release detailing the new “savings plan” of 2 billion euros for the years 2024/2025. In this sense, he wishes to draw the attention of the Minister to the following two points: the group pharmaceutical industry benefited from 1.3 billion public employees between 2009 and 2022 for the Research Tax Credit (CIR), not counting exemptions from contributions and other public aid, while over the same period it proceeded with the dismissal of 10,000 people on permanent contracts, including almost half of the positions in research and the closure of 21 sites in France; Sanofi announces that it is separating from its “consumer health” division, producer among others Doliprane and Mucosovan, by listing it separately on the stock exchange from 2024. However, the second half of 2022 and the beginning of 2023 were marked by a shortage of paracetamol (Doliprane), even though it is the most consumed painkiller in France. In short, since 2008, the Sanofi group has continued to accumulate savings plans worth 10 billion euros every two years, to cut hundreds of jobs and to massively sell its sites in France; while at the same time it pays 30 billion euros in dividends to its shareholders. The MP therefore questions the Minister as to the relevance of this stock market listing project subject to market laws, guided by the search for profits and which guarantee neither the holding of minimum stocks of so-called mature drugs, nor French independence for their production. Regarding this last, it also warns of the fact that the sale of non-prescription drugs will ultimately deprive the group's factories of production volumes of active ingredients of these same drugs, which would make them even less profitable for Sanofi and would ultimately lead to fears of a sale of its sites. In addition, Mr. Walter wishes to insist on the necessary creation of a public medicine center, whose mission would be the organization and coordination of care offers in response to the needs of French hospitals and management of stocks of medicines and medical equipment. Unlike private pharmaceutical groups, the French State is not subject to market speculation and is the guarantor of health safety. In view of the crisis in hospitals and the healthcare sector, this creation is urgent, as is the orientation of the CIR towards public research or at least for the purpose non-profit. The therapeutic independence of France and the European Union is at stake. Thus, the MP questions the Minister of Health and Prevention on the measures he intends to take to ensure French therapeutic sovereignty and remind Sanofi of its obligations to produce and hold minimum stocks of medicines. He also questions him on what he intends to put in place to prevent the management of Sanofi to destroy jobs and list part of its drug production on the stock exchange, which must respond to a demand for care and not to a logic of market profitability. Finally, it raises the questions of the necessary control of the use of public funds by Sanofi and the creation of a public drug center.

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Question 13065 — civil servants and public agents

France · National Assembly · 21 November 2023

Mr. Léo Walter alerts the Minister of Transformation and the Public Service to the salary inequality between teachers and other A-level executives in the state civil service. The MP underlines that if the injustice which affects French teachers when we compare their salaries and those of their counterparts in the European Union is today perfectly identified; there is another, less known: the INSEE note of June 29, 2023 confirms that the net salary of teachers is almost 1,000 euros per month lower than that of other state civil service executives. However, teachers are paid on the basis of 151.67 hours, like other full-time employees. Certified teachers (as well as school teachers and vocational high school teachers) are part of category A of the state civil service, while that associate professors are part of the A+ category. On average, the salary of a teacher amounts to 3,560 euros gross per month, while a civil servant in the same category receives 4,686 euros, a difference of 1,126 euros. In net salary, this difference amounts to 969 euros, still to the detriment of teachers (2,871 euros on average compared to 3,840). He therefore questions the minister : is his ministry aware of this shocking state of affairs? If yes, or once this awareness has been realized, he asks him how he intends to reduce this incomprehensible gap.

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Question 12982 — agriculture

France · National Assembly · 21 November 2023

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Question 12335 — breeding

France · National Assembly · 24 October 2023

Mr. Léo Walter alerts the Minister of Agriculture and Food Sovereignty to the need for rapid and substantial support from the State for the outdoor, pastoral and grassland sheep sector in the face of the problem of lupine predation. He recalls that the French Biodiversity Office has just announced the figure of 1,104 wolves on the national territory. There were 2,500 attacks and 7,000 animals killed during the same period in 2022. We could reach a total of 12,000 animals attacked by the end of 2023. In order to move away from the binary debate opposing biodiversity and livestock farming, the MP wishes to emphasize that the objectives of the attack prevention policy must be to reduce damage to herds, to support the profession and to improve the working conditions of shepherds; and this while preserving the presence of wolves in France. At the end of the announcements of the new “Wolf Plan 2024-2029”, the MP wishes to draw the minister's attention to three points: 1/ The cash flow difficulties caused by the costs of covering the protection measures which are still, to date, advanced at 80% by the breeders and are then reimbursed. However, reimbursement times are 8 to 9 months for the first 300 files, and 10 to 11 months for subsequent ones. Looking forward to, the remainder (4,000 euros on average per farm) is the responsibility of the operator. The MP underlines the significant number of files submitted this year in his department of Alpes-de-Haute-Provence (620), the most predated department in France. 2/ The operating problems of the “Safran” software, which lead to time-consuming procedures and even longer reimbursement deadliness. 3/ The particular situation of breeders cattle, which cannot meet the criteria for financing protection, despite certain exemptions. The MP therefore asks the Minister to urgently set up a cash advance of 60% of the amount received for the protection measures in year N-1 or the forecast established for “Safran”; he wishes to know the measures put in place to make this software operational; he finally questions her about the feasibility of compensation for direct and indirect losses as well as authorization of simple defensive fire the first declared attack for cattle breeders. He finally wishes to recall that bill No. 351 of which he is a co-signatory, registered with the office of the National Assembly in October 2022, relating to the indirect responsibility of the State in incidents caused by protection dogs responds also at a request from the profession. He invites it to allow its examination by the national representation and wishes to know its position on this subject.

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Question 12304 — maternity health insurance

France · National Assembly · 24 October 2023

Mr. Léo Walter draws the attention of the Minister of Health and Prevention to the necessary recognition of fibromyalgia as a long-term condition. Fibromyalgia is a disease in which chronic pain is the main symptom. Other symptoms (fatigue, sleep disturbance, etc.) differ from one patient to another and evolve over time. Affected people describe unbearable pain and disabling in daily actions. This condition affects more than 2 million people in France, 80% of whom are women. On the occasion of the public report from the National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm), the Minister declared on October 8, 2020 that he wanted to “better inform and raise awareness about fibromyalgia, improve the diagnosis and care of patients, promote research projects on pain and fibromyalgia. Since then, various projects have been implemented, as indicated in the answers to written questions no. 159 and no. 37908: the minister indicates that the axes of the Ministry of Health and Prevention in order to improve the health journey and the quality of life of patients with fibromyalgia are the following: “better inform professionals; diagnose earlier; better structure the sector management of chronic pain and strengthen research on chronic pain and fibromyalgia”. But while patient associations welcome this progress, they believe that their main and legitimate request has still not been heard: to recognize this disease as a long-term condition (ALD 30). The MP underlines that fibromyalgia meets the criteria for recognition as ALD 30: daily treatments over a period of more than six months; particularly expensive treatments. Recognition as ALD 30 seems all the more necessary since, profoundly disabling, fibromyalgia renders those affected incapable of working normally, increasing their precariousness. He therefore questions him about the measures he intends to take in order to follow up on this urgent request for recognition of fibromyalgia as a long-term condition. duration.

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Question 9253 — rail transport

France · National Assembly · 20 June 2023

Mr. Léo Walter questions the Minister Delegate to the Minister for Ecological Transition and Territorial Cohesion, responsible for transport, on his announcements concerning Fret SNCF following the opening of an investigation by the European Commission on January 18, 2023. This procedure against France is motivated by an alleged non-compliance with the rules on state aid intended to avoid “distortions of competition”. This is how the culmination of 15 years of liberalization of rail freight organized jointly by the European Union and successive Governments. Since 2006, when rail freight was opened to competition following the adoption by the European Commission of the second rail package, the situation in rail freight has continued to deteriorate. While this liberalization had been sold as the miracle cure to revive traffic, it collapsed by 30%. The modal share of goods transported by rail from 25% in 1980 to less than 11% today. Fret SNCF, for its part, saw the number of railway workers drop from 15,000 to 5,000 and lost market share, now transporting only around 50% of bloodless traffic (nearly 2/3 less volume of goods transported for Fret SNCF since 2003). Competition is not the solution, it is the problem. Between 2006 and 2019, many private companies, swearing only by economic profitability, competed with Fret SNCF in profitable segments, leaving only the least profitable sectors to Fret SNCF. However, rail freight has numerous strategic and ecological advantages: strategic because it allows French industrial sovereignty as well as a fine network, opening up certain territories, Ecological because a train of 35 wagons represents the equivalent of 55 32-ton trucks. At a time when transport accounts for 32% of French carbon emissions and 12% for road transport of goods alone, rail freight is a fantastic tool for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. While SNCF Freight should be at the heart of major public policies necessary for the ecological transition and industrial development national, the Minister decides in the name of the Government to complete the dismantling started by his predecessors under the cover of anticipation of a European sanction. Sanction which is itself the direct consequence of the law “for a new railway pact” of 2018 carried by Ms. Elisabeth Borne, then Minister of Transport. However, at the time, trade unionists had warned about the transformation of FretT SNCF into SAS and the risks of sanctions by Brussels in the name of the dogma of competition. Once again, the unions were right and today hundreds of employees are paying the price for Elisabeth Borne's incompetence. After 15 years of neoliberal management, the European Commission therefore intends to step on the accelerator in the midst of a climate crisis and push for the dismantling of the historic public operator. By their incompetence and their submission to Brussels, Emmanuel Macron's government signs with the stroke of a pen the dismissal of more than 500 railway workers on their way out, as sole thanks for hard work and numerous sacrifices. The Minister also announces a sale of so-called dedicated trains, including the emblematic early food train, from December 31, 2023, which represents a loss of 30% of the total volume of SNCF Freight activity. Incidentally, the Government organizes the sale of the company by transferring more than 60 locomotives to the private sector, by selling 40% of the real estate assets as well as the Saint-Priest logistics platform to private sector competitors! Another aberration in line with the policy pursued for 15 years. Political choices which have led to a decline in rail freight to the detriment of road. Since 2006, there have been more than 1.6 million trucks extra that were thrown on the roads. The minister, instead of satisfying the demands of the European Commission which are incompatible with an ambitious policy of relaunching public rail freight, should lead the fight against Brussels to impose a public monopoly on the rail freight sector. In the name of the general interest of the Nation, there is an urgent need to place rail freight under the aegis of a company 100 % public, unified and integrated as was the SNCF. Public rail freight is an essential tool for achieving the objectives of the “greenhouse gas emissions reduction plan” for which the Minister is well behind and, worse still, in the opposite direction. He wants to know the perspectives on this subject.

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Question 8292 — pensions: general

France · National Assembly · 23 May 2023

Mr. Léo Walter draws the attention of the Minister of Labor, Full Employment and Integration to the fact that the years of training in IUFM are still not taken into account in the calculation of retirement rights. However, this consideration is provided for in Law No. 91-715 of July 26, 1991; but the decree implementing law no. 91-715 of July 26, 1991, relating to the taking into consideration of the years of training of student teachers of IUFM for their retirement rights, has still not been published. The people concerned therefore see their annuities reduced by four quarters. This situation was raised during several questions in the Senate, to which Minister Gabriel Attal responded in 2020 by referring this question to the pension reform by points, which has not been promulgated: there is therefore an urgent need to remedy this anomaly. In this period of contestation of the current pension reform, this failure of the State to its legislative functioning and to the word given is particularly symbolic, especially since the people who can claim it will reach retirement from the 2030s. In the same vein, Mr. MP alerts Mr. Minister about the failure to take into account in the calculation of retirement "summer jobs" and more precisely so-called summer camp monitor jobs. The people concerned, who have often worked in this context to help finance their studies, discover at the time of retirement that the salaries affected have had fixed contributions applied which do not give them any right to validation of quarters. However, they had real employment contracts, but the possibility offered to employers of contributing on a flat rate basis proves particularly disadvantageous for them. He therefore asks him what measures he intends to put in place to remedy these penalizing situations; and, more generally, to study ways of taking into account associative or charitable volunteering time in the calculation of retirement rights.

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Question 8241 — diseases

France · National Assembly · 23 May 2023

Mr. Léo Walter alerts the Minister of Health and Prevention on the implementation of the “neurodegenerative diseases plan” (MND plan) 2014-2019 and the roadmap that follows it for the years 2021-2024. The assessment of this MND plan highlighted the insufficiency of the achievements with regard to the needs of people affected by these pathologies on a daily basis: a new 2021-2022 roadmap was therefore officially launched in June 2021 by Mr. Olivier Véran, then Minister of Solidarity and Health. In fact, it has never been implemented or financed, with a few exceptions due to renewed annual funding. The enriched version of this roadmap, supposed to be implemented for 2023-2024, required significant urgent consultation work, but was never validated by the minister. While the MND roadmap is expiring on December 31, 2022, Mr. MP joins patient and family associations, foundations and learned societies who are warning of the consequences of current political inertia with regard to this major public health issue. Indeed, neurodegenerative diseases affect nearly 4 million fellow citizens (sick people and caregivers) and constitute, today in France, the leading cause of loss of autonomy. This number will only increase, with obvious health, social and economic consequences, given the current unmet needs in terms of care, support, accessibility to suitable structures, etc. The difficulties are numerous: diagnostic wandering, difficulties in accessing care, lack of care, insufficient therapeutic monitoring, disruption of the care pathway, isolation of sick people, lack of support for caregivers, impoverishment of the family unit, poorly adapted systems, difficult to understand inclusion policy, shortage of resources for research... Today, the French people concerned are worried to see that the subject of taking MND into account is, failing that, dangerously diluted in much broader reforms or strategies ("aging well", "carers", modernization of the health system...). These are reforms which, although they are essential, do not allow the specificity of a medical, medico-social and societal problem to be taken into account, which is nevertheless very unique and which requires adapted measures. Indeed, how can a policy in favor of aging well or “Old Age” ignore the primary cause of loss of autonomy? Diseases neurodegenerative diseases require a societal response and determined commitment from all stakeholders. These are serious, incurable and particularly disabling diseases, which must be fought forcefully, in the same way as cancers or even cardiovascular diseases. It is urgent to support the millions of French people concerned with dignity, with the necessary political responsibility. Faced with these findings, he asks the measures that the Government intends to take concerning: the implementation of a national plan dedicated to meeting the challenges, co-constructed with stakeholders with a real concern for health democracy; the allocation of allocations consistent with the needs on the ground and the ambitions carried by the various measures of the MND plan, thus testifying to a mobilization at least as strong as for the plan Alzheimer’s from 2008-2012, which served as an international example; the ongoing implementation of rigorous management and evaluation of the actions implemented as part of this plan; the appointment of an interministerial delegate to lead this plan and ensure its coordination with the various ministries involved in the subject, including the Ministry of Research.

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Question 8210 — territorial civil service

France · National Assembly · 23 May 2023

La promotion interne permet à un agent public territorial d'accéder à un cadre d'emplois supérieur. Elle est toutefois contingentée par des quotas, dans des conditions définies par les statuts particuliers. Ces principes résultent de article L. 523-1 du code général de la fonction publique et de article 31 du décret n° 2013-593 du 5 juillet 2013 relating tox conditions générales de recrutement et d'avancement de grade et portant dispositions statutaires diverses applicables aux fonctionnaires de la fonction publique territoriale. Ainsi, aux termes des statuts particuliers, un fonctionnaire ne peut être promu, au titre d'une année, que si trois recrutements ont été opérés selon d'autres voies (concours, détachement, mutation ou intégration directe). Par ailleurs, les agents contractuels recrutés sur emploi permanent ne sont pas comptabilisés dans l'assiette servant au calcul des quotas de promotion interne. Ces règles, même si elles sont associées à des clauses de sauvegarde qui permettent d'en atténuer la portée, peuvent être trop contraignantes, en particulier dans les collectivités et les cadres d'emplois comptant peu d'effectifs. Aussi le Gouvernement a souhaité qu'une réflexion soit ouverte dans le cadre de la réforme des accès, des parcours de carrière et des rémunérations dans la fonction publique, lancée le 1er février par le ministre de la Transformation et de la fonction publiques. La nature et l'ampleur de l'allègement des règles de promotion interne pourront ainsi être débattues d'ici l'automne avec les organisations syndicales et les représentants des employeurs territoriaux. Il ne s'agirait pas toutefois de remettre en cause le principe même du contingentement, le concours devant rester le mode de recrutement de droit commun dans la fonction publique, mais de l'assouplir, au bénéfice tant des agents, qui verraient s'ouvrir de nouvelles perspectives de carrière, que des employeurs territoriaux, qui y trouveraient davantage de souplesse dans la gestion de leurs ressources humaines.

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Question 8170 — breeding

France · National Assembly · 23 May 2023

Mr. Léo Walter draws the attention of the Minister of Agriculture and Food Sovereignty to the legal use of plants and preparations of low concern (as defined by article L. 253-1 of the rural code, modified by article 50 of the law on the future of agriculture) in the field of animal health. To date, regulations prohibit breeders from the therapeutic use of non-dangerous plants and natural products. These professionals therefore find themselves in a situation of technical impasse, in both conventional and organic agriculture. However, this situation is in contradiction with the demand from public authorities to reduce the use of synthetic pesticides. Thus, breeders who commonly use plants and non-dangerous natural products for the care of their animals, such as organic acids (namely beekeeping) and other mineral or animal products, operate illegally within the meaning of European Regulation 2019/6. The second self-referral from ANSES attests to this and also concludes that there is a need to create a positive list of plants and natural products authorized for animal health, a list already proposed in France by the ITAB. It therefore appears urgent to respond to recital no. 12 of European Regulation 2019/6 and to propose a list positive of natural and low-concern plants and products authorized for the treatment of animals in order to: allow breeders to continue to care for their animals calmly by ceasing to continually have to arbitrate between the health of their animals and the legality of their therapeutic practices; allow development structures and technical institutes to continue their work of technical monitoring, experimentation, support and communication with operators; allow all livestock sectors to lead the ecological bifurcation without entering into illegality. The MP draws the attention of the Minister to the consideration of this request resulting from a motion adopted by the Chamber of Agriculture of Alpes-de-Haute-Provence on March 16, 2023, on behalf of all farmers in the department. A similar motion has has also been adopted in other territories encountering the same problems (for example the similar motion adopted by the Lozère Chamber of Agriculture on November 18, 2022). He asks her for her position on this subject.

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Question 7263 — biodiversity

France · National Assembly · 18 April 2023

Mr. Léo Walter alerts the Minister of Ecological Transition and Territorial Cohesion on the situation of small mammals in France in anticipation of the new classification of species likely to cause damage (ESOD). On February 27, 2023, Prime Minister Élisabeth Borne announced the preparation of an Ecophyto 2030 plan. It follows the first conclusions of the Ecophyto II plan. The announced objective is to do without of phytosanitary product in the treatment of crops. This objective is obviously a good thing, but it must be accompanied by solutions to help farmers. However, the Government's current method is, on the contrary, to avoid the development of alternatives, to justify the continued use of devastating products: this is the case of neonicotinoids, for example. However, natural solutions exist. These solutions are numerous and most reside at the heart of biodiversity: this is notably the principle of biological control. Indeed, as shown in the latest report from the French Society for the Study and Protection of Mammals “Opinion of the SFEPM on the classification of small native carnivores “likely to cause damage””, small carnivorous mammals provide numerous ecosystem services to agriculture. As example and like ladybugs with aphids, these small carnivores feed on rodents which degrade crops, thus regulating their populations - a single fox can eat up to several thousand rodents per year! It is with this in mind that the Government chose to financially support actions to set up shelters for small carnivores (weasels for example), near crops, in order to avoid the permanent use of baits containing anti-vitamin K (AVK anticoagulants), highly toxic and ecotoxic pesticides. Unfortunately, the classification of these natural predators as “species likely to cause damage” (ESOD) authorizes, among other things, their trapping and weakens their populations which are already facing numerous threats, including the decline of their natural environment. It is therefore depriving oneself of a perfectly natural crop protection solution. Also, a first solution to get rid of phytosanitary products, as announced in the next Ecophyto plan, would be to establish a much more restrictive list of ESODs and to further develop farm protection systems, rather than methods for capturing these mammals, which hamper the food chain and therefore harm crops. It is why he asks it to clarify its vision and objectives regarding the renewal of the ESOD list in the coming months, in line with the announcements of a reduction in the use of phytosanitary products for EcoPhyto2030.

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Question 6296 — civil servants and public agents

France · National Assembly · 14 March 2023

Mr. Léo Walter draws the attention of the Minister of National Education and Youth to the situation of librarian teachers. He tells him that in the working documents for the salary increase of teachers, these teachers are considered “personnel assimilated to teachers”. However, librarian professors have been recruited since 1989 via the CAPES de documentation and as such are full-fledged teachers. He also reminds him that librarian teachers devote most of their time to teaching sequences “in front of students”. Many of them have classes all year round, participate in class councils, and fill out report cards. They also carry out student monitoring, evaluation and guidance activities. The MP further points out that the educational missions of teachers librarians are clearly stated in the mission circular of March 28, 2017 and alerts the Minister to the fact that this expression “equated teachers” is felt by these teachers as contempt on the part of his ministry, a contempt which seems to have continued for several years. Mr. Léo Walter questions the Minister: like his predecessor, who declared before the Senate that librarian professors do not could claim the digital bonus because “they were not in front of the students”, does he consider that the librarian teachers are sub-teachers? Otherwise, he invites the Minister of National Education and Youth to correct this formulation, which is clumsy to say the least, in all his ministry's publications; and to review its decisions concerning the allocation of bonuses.

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Question 6274 — secondary education

France · National Assembly · 14 March 2023

Mr. Léo Walter draws the attention of the Minister of National Education and Youth to the teaching of technology in 6th grade. He alerts him to what his ministry calls the “reconfiguration” of the four-hour block, which brings together in sixth form the teaching of physics-chemistry, life and earth sciences and technology. This formulation actually masks the pure and simple suppression of the teaching of technology in sixth grade in order to establish a weekly hour of support in French or mathematics. The MP declared to the Minister that this arbitrary decision deprives students of the possibility of consolidating, upon entering secondary school, numerous concepts contributing to a better understanding of the world around them. This teaching, initiated in nursery school and continued in primary school under the name of “ Science and technology” provides, on the one hand, knowledge in the fields of technical objects, materials, energy and transport by developing know-how and interpersonal skills linked to experimental and project approaches; and, on the other hand, skills in mastering IT and digital tools. This teaching is essential and its questioning raises questions. It has its place among the disciplines essential to the common general culture that every student must acquire. This deletion is inconsistent, incomprehensible and harmful given that technology is one of the college disciplines that promotes the collective initiatives of students. It gives them the opportunity, particularly those who are in difficulty, to highlight qualities that are often little exploited in other subjects, while offering them basic foundations useful for the major technological challenges of tomorrow. He asks the minister to abandon the planned measures and initiate actions to consolidate the teaching of technology in the education of students.

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Question 5791 — justice

France · National Assembly · 21 February 2023

M. Léo Walter attire l'attention de Mme la ministre de l'Europe et des affaires étrangères sur la situation de Sébastien Raoult. Il rappelle que le 31 mai 2022, Sébastien Raoult, citoyen français de 21 ans, était arrêté au Maroc sur la demande des autorités américaines, accusé d'avoir participé à une vaste opération de piratage informatique. Il était depuis incarcéré dans une prison de Rabat, sous écrou extraditionnel vers les États-Unis. Le 26 décembre 2022, les autorités marocaines signaient son arrêté d'extradition. Mercredi 25 janvier 2023, une dépêche de l'AFP indiquait que cette extradition avait eu lieu le jour-même, à 24 heures de l'expiration du délai légal dont disposaient les autorités américaines, et alors même que le Comité des droits de l'Homme de l'ONU s'apprêtait à demander au Maroc de surseoir à cette extradition. M. le député demande instamment à Mme la ministre de s'associer à cette demande des Nations Unies. Il lui demande également de suivre de près la situation de ce citoyen français ; et de s'assurer des conditions de sa détention et de la procédure pénale engagée contre lui. Une procédure dans laquelle il encourt plus de cent ans de prison, ce qui constitue, aux yeux de la CEDH, un traitement inhumain et dégradant. M. le député précise également que les faits reprochés à Sébastien Raoult, citoyen français, se sont déroulés sur le territoire français. Il demande de ce fait à Mme la ministre de faire toute la lumière sur l'enquête menée en France sur mandat du FBI. Il souligne qu'y a lieu d'interroger la doctrine d'entraide internationale avec les États-Unis qui semble mettre en péril, au moins dans ce cas, la souveraineté juridictionnelle française.

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Question 2357 — politique extérieure

France · National Assembly · 18 October 2022

M. Léo Walter attire l'attention de M. le garde des sceaux, ministre de la justice sur la situation de Sébastien Raoult. Il lui rappelle que le 31 mai dernier, Sébastien Raoult, citoyen français de 21 ans, était arrêté au Maroc sur la demande des autorités américaines, accusé d'avoir participé à une vaste opération de piratage informatique. Il est depuis incarcéré dans une prison de Rabat, sous écrou extraditionnel vers les États-Unis d'Amérique d'Amérique, où il encourt une peine de plus de cent ans d'emprisonnement. Le 20 juillet 2022, la cour de cassation marocaine a donné un avis favorable à cette extradition. Il souligne que plusieurs parlementaires ont été interpellés sur cette situation par des proches, famille ou amis, de Sébastien Raoult et que le ministère de la justice et la Présidence de la République ont également été interpellés à ce propos. M. le député précise que les faits reprochés à Sébastien Raoult, citoyen français, se sont déroulés sur le territoire français. Celui-ci doit donc être jugé par un tribunal français et selon le droit français. Des éléments (repris entre autres par Le Monde , Libération et La Dépêche ) montrent que des investigations sur cette affaire ont été menées sur le sol français et par des policiers français. M. le député rappelle que M. le ministre a de ce fait les moyens d'intervenir mais aussi que Sébastien Raoult ne cherche pas à se soustraire à la justice. Il souhaite qu'une demande d'extradition soit formulée par les autorités françaises auprès des autorités marocaines, conformément à la convention d'extradition franco-marocaine du 18 avril 2008 ; il souhaite être jugé en France, dans le respect de ses droits fondamentaux. M. le député s'associe à cette demande. Il rappelle également son attachement à l'article 3 de la convention européenne des droits de l'homme qui considère la condamnation perpétuelle sans perspective de libération comme un traitement inhumain et dégradant. Il demande, enfin, que la souveraineté juridictionnelle française ne soit pas bafouée. C'est pourquoi il lui demande s'il compte intervenir afin que Sébastien Raoult soit extradé vers la France pour y être jugé.

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Question 1985 — anciens combattants et victimes de guerre

France · National Assembly · 11 October 2022

M. Léo Walter attire l'attention de Mme la secrétaire d'État auprès du ministre des armées, chargée des anciens combattants et de la mémoire, sur la situation des harkis réinstallés dans des cités après leur passage par des hameaux de forestage, dans sa circonscription des Alpes-de-Haute-Provence. M. le député rappelle que la loi promulguée le 23 février 2022 et dont Mme Mirallès a été rapporteure reconnaît officiellement la responsabilité de l'État français dans les préjudices subis par les harkis et leurs familles en raison de graves manquements aux devoirs et aux valeurs de la République. Cette responsabilité porte notamment sur les conditions d'accueil indignes dont ont été victimes les harkis. Ce texte ouvre droit à réparation à celles et ceux d'entre eux qui ont séjourné dans des camps de transit et des hameaux de forestage entre le 20 mars 1962 et le 31 décembre 1975. Dans les Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, cinq hameaux de forestage ont été répertoriés. Mais deux cités de Manosque (04100) ont été exclues du répertoire : Les Quatre Saisons et Saint-Martin (aujourd'hui Les Grands Prés), alors même qu'elles comptent parmi les lieux de relégation dans lesquelles les familles de harkis ont été installées. Or ces familles ont été déplacées sur le seul fondement de leur qualificatif de harkis. M. le député souligne donc qu'il est cohérent d'étendre le dispositif d'aide et réparation aux familles déplacées dans ces deux cités où les conditions de vie étaient tout aussi indignes que dans les hameaux de forestage ; et qu'opérer un tri entre celles et ceux qui ont vécu dans des structures de relégation comparables constitue une différence de traitement inacceptable. Au vu de la différence de traitement opérée entre harkis, il l'interroge sur la possibilité de compléter la liste des camps dans lesquels ont pu séjourner, à l'occasion de leur rapatriement, les harkis et leurs familles sur le territoire national ; il insiste sur le fait qu'il y a urgence à ouvrir aux familles des harkis ayant séjourné dans ces deux cités de Manosque des droits conférés aux bénéficiaires du décret n° 2020 du 4 mai 2020 modifiant le décret du 28 décembre 2018, décret instituant un dispositif d'aide à destination des enfants d'anciens harkis, moghaznis et personnels des diverses formations supplétives de statut civil de droit local et assimilés à l'ensemble des harkis.