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Nitrogen

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Record· CJCELEX 62023CJ0666decided

Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 1 August 2025.#CM and DS v Volkswagen AG.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Landgericht Ravensburg.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Approximation of laws – Approval of motor vehicles – Directive 2007/46/EC – Article 18(1) – Article 26(1) – Article 46 – Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 – Article 5(2) – Motor vehicles – Diesel engine – Pollutant emissions – Reduction in nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions limited by a ‘temperature window’ – Defeat device – Protection of the interests of an individual purchaser of a vehicle equipped with an unlawful defeat device – Installation of that device after the vehicle’s entry into service – Right to compensation from the vehicle manufacturer on the basis of tortious liability – Ground for exemption – Unavoidable error on the part of the manufacturer as regards the unlawfulness of the defeat device – Principle of effectiveness – Adequate compensation for the loss or damage – Method of calculating compensation – Compensation bracket.#Case C-666/23.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 1 August 2025

Record· TJCELEX 62023TJ0167decided

Judgment of the General Court (Fifth Chamber) of 9 July 2025 (Extracts).#LAT Nitrogen Piesteritz GmbH, anciennement Borealis Agrolinz Melamine Deutschland GmbH and Cornerstone Chemical Co. v European Chemicals Agency.#REACH – Substances of very high concern – Establishment of a candidate list for eventual inclusion in Annex XIV to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 – Decision identifying melamine as a substance meeting the criteria laid down for inclusion in the list – Obligation to state reasons – Right to be heard – Ultra vires – Article 57 of Regulation No 1907/2006 – Manifest error of assessment – Proportionality – Precautionary principle – Misuse of powers.#Case T-167/23.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 9 July 2025

Record· TJCELEX 62023TJ0167_EXTdecided

Judgment of the General Court (Fifth Chamber) of 9 July 2025 (Extracts).#LAT Nitrogen Piesteritz GmbH, anciennement Borealis Agrolinz Melamine Deutschland GmbH and Cornerstone Chemical Co. v European Chemicals Agency.#REACH – Substances of very high concern – Establishment of a candidate list for eventual inclusion in Annex XIV to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 – Decision identifying melamine as a substance meeting the criteria laid down for inclusion in the list – Obligation to state reasons – Right to be heard – Ultra vires – Article 57 of Regulation No 1907/2006 – Manifest error of assessment – Proportionality – Precautionary principle – Misuse of powers.#Case T-167/23.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 9 July 2025

Record· TJCELEX 62023TJ0167_RESdecided

Judgment of the General Court (Fifth Chamber) of 9 July 2025 (Extracts).#LAT Nitrogen Piesteritz GmbH, anciennement Borealis Agrolinz Melamine Deutschland GmbH and Cornerstone Chemical Co. v European Chemicals Agency.#REACH – Substances of very high concern – Establishment of a candidate list for eventual inclusion in Annex XIV to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 – Decision identifying melamine as a substance meeting the criteria laid down for inclusion in the list – Obligation to state reasons – Right to be heard – Ultra vires – Article 57 of Regulation No 1907/2006 – Manifest error of assessment – Proportionality – Precautionary principle – Misuse of powers.#Case T-167/23.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 9 July 2025

Record· CJCELEX 62022CJ0073decided

Judgment of the Court (Fourth Chamber) of 13 July 2023.#Grupa Azoty S.A. and Others v European Commission.#Appeal – State aid – Guidelines on certain State aid measures in the context of the system for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading – Eligible economic sectors – Exclusion of the nitrogen compounds and fertilisers sector – Action for annulment – Admissibility – Right of natural or legal persons to institute proceedings – Fourth paragraph of Article 263 TFEU – Condition that the applicant must be directly concerned.#Joined Cases C-73/22 P and C-77/22 P.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 13 July 2023

Record· CJCELEX 62021CJ0100_RESdecided

Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 21 March 2023.#QB v Mercedes-Benz Group AG.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Approximation of laws – Approval of motor vehicles – Directive 2007/46/EC – Article 18(1) – Article 26(1) – Article 46 – Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 – Article 5(2) – Motor vehicles – Diesel engine – Pollutant emissions – Exhaust gas recirculation valve (EGR valve) – Reduction in nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions limited by a ‘temperature window’ – Defeat device – Protection of the interests of an individual purchaser of a vehicle equipped with an unlawful defeat device – Right to compensation from the vehicle manufacturer on the basis of tortious liability – Method of calculating compensation – Principle of effectiveness – Article 267 TFEU – Admissibility – Reference to the Court from a single judge.#Case C-100/21.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 21 March 2023

Record· CJCELEX 62021CJ0100decided

Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 21 March 2023.#QB v Mercedes-Benz Group AG.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Landgericht Ravensburg.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Approximation of laws – Approval of motor vehicles – Directive 2007/46/EC – Article 18(1) – Article 26(1) – Article 46 – Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 – Article 5(2) – Motor vehicles – Diesel engine – Pollutant emissions – Exhaust gas recirculation valve (EGR valve) – Reduction in nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions limited by a ‘temperature window’ – Defeat device – Protection of the interests of an individual purchaser of a vehicle equipped with an unlawful defeat device – Right to compensation from the vehicle manufacturer on the basis of tortious liability – Method of calculating compensation – Principle of effectiveness – Article 267 TFEU – Admissibility – Reference to the Court from a single judge.#Case C-100/21.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 21 March 2023

Report· CCCELEX 62022CC0073decided

Opinion of Advocate General Pikamäe delivered on 2 March 2023.#Grupa Azoty S.A. and Others v European Commission.#Appeal – State aid – Guidelines on certain State aid measures in the context of the system for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading – Eligible economic sectors – Exclusion of the nitrogen compounds and fertilisers sector – Action for annulment – Admissibility – Right of natural or legal persons to institute proceedings – Fourth paragraph of Article 263 TFEU – Condition that the applicant must be directly concerned.#Joined Cases C-73/22 P and C-77/22 P.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 2 March 2023

Record· CJCELEX 62021CJ0633decided

Judgment of the Court (Tenth Chamber) of 16 February 2023.#European Commission v Hellenic Republic.#Failure of a Member State to fulfil obligations – Environment – Directive 2008/50/EC – Ambient air quality – Article 13(1) and Annex XI – Systematic and persistent exceedance of the limit values for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in the agglomeration of Athens (Greece) – Article 23(1) – Annex XV – Exceedance period to be ‘as short as possible’ – Appropriate measures.#Case C-633/21.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 16 February 2023

Record· CJCELEX 62021CJ0633_INFdecided

Judgment of the Court (Tenth Chamber) of 16 February 2023.#European Commission v Hellenic Republic.#Failure of a Member State to fulfil obligations – Environment – Directive 2008/50/EC – Ambient air quality – Article 13(1) and Annex XI – Systematic and persistent exceedance of the limit values for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in the agglomeration of Athens (Greece) – Article 23(1) – Annex XV – Exceedance period to be ‘as short as possible’ – Appropriate measures.#Case C-633/21.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 16 February 2023

Record· CJCELEX 62021CJ0061_RESdecided

Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 22 December 2022.#JP v Ministre de la Transition écologique and Premier ministre.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Environment – Directives 80/779/EEC, 85/203/EEC, 96/62/EC, 1999/30/EC and 2008/50/EC – Air quality – Limit values for microparticles (PM10) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) – Exceeded – Air quality plans – Damage caused to an individual on account of deterioration of the air resulting from the exceedance of those limit values – Liability of the Member State concerned – Conditions for establishing that liability – Requirement that the rule of EU law infringed be intended to confer rights on the individuals who have been harmed – No such intention.#Case C-61/21.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 22 December 2022

Record· CJCELEX 62021CJ0061decided

Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 22 December 2022.#JP v Ministre de la Transition écologique and Premier ministre.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Cour administrative d'appel de Versailles.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Environment – Directives 80/779/EEC, 85/203/EEC, 96/62/EC, 1999/30/EC and 2008/50/EC – Air quality – Limit values for microparticles (PM10) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) – Exceeded – Air quality plans – Damage caused to an individual on account of deterioration of the air resulting from the exceedance of those limit values – Liability of the Member State concerned – Conditions for establishing that liability – Requirement that the rule of EU law infringed be intended to confer rights on the individuals who have been harmed – No such intention.#Case C-61/21.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 22 December 2022

Record· CJCELEX 62019CJ0873_RESdecided

Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 8 November 2022.#Deutsche Umwelthilfe eV v Bundesrepublik Deutschland.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Environment – Aarhus Convention – Access to justice – Article 9(3) – Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Article 47, first paragraph – Right to effective judicial protection – Environmental association – Standing of such an association to bring an action before a national court against EC type-approval granted to certain vehicles – Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 – Article 5(2)(a) – Motor vehicles – Diesel engine – Pollutant emissions – Valve for exhaust gas recirculation (EGR valve) – Reduction of nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions limited by a ‘temperature window’ – Defeat device – Authorisation of such a device where the need is justified in terms of protecting the engine against damage or accident and for safe operation of the vehicle – State of the art.#Case C-873/19.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 8 November 2022

Record· CJCELEX 62019CJ0873decided

Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 8 November 2022.#Deutsche Umwelthilfe eV v Bundesrepublik Deutschland.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Schleswig-Holsteinisches Verwaltungsgericht.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Environment – Aarhus Convention – Access to justice – Article 9(3) – Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Article 47, first paragraph – Right to effective judicial protection – Environmental association – Standing of such an association to bring an action before a national court against EC type-approval granted to certain vehicles – Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 – Article 5(2)(a) – Motor vehicles – Diesel engine – Pollutant emissions – Valve for exhaust gas recirculation (EGR valve) – Reduction of nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions limited by a ‘temperature window’ – Defeat device – Authorisation of such a device where the need is justified in terms of protecting the engine against damage or accident and for safe operation of the vehicle – State of the art.#Case C-873/19.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 8 November 2022

Record· CJCELEX 62020CJ0128_RESdecided

Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 14 July 2022.#GSMB Invest GmbH & Co. KG v Auto Krainer GesmbH.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Approximation of laws – Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 – Approval of motor vehicles – Article 3(10) – Article 5(1) and (2) – Defeat device – Motor vehicles – Diesel engines – Pollutant emissions – Emission control system – Software installed in the electronic engine controller – Exhaust gas recirculation valve (EGR valve) – Reduction in nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions limited by a ‘temperature window’ – Prohibition on the use of defeat devices that reduce the effectiveness of emission control systems – Article 5(2)(a) – Exception to that prohibition.#Case C-128/20.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 14 July 2022

Record· CJCELEX 62020CJ0134_RESdecided

Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 14 July 2022.#IR v Volkswagen AG.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Approximation of laws – Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 – Approval of motor vehicles – Article 3(10) – Article 5(1) and (2) – Defeat device – Motor vehicles – Diesel engines – Pollutant emissions – Emission control system – Software installed in the electronic engine controller – Exhaust gas recirculation valve (EGR valve) – Reduction in nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions limited by a ‘temperature window’ – Prohibition on the use of defeat devices that reduce the effectiveness of emission control systems – Article 5(2)(a) – Exception to that prohibition – Directive 1999/44/EC – Sale of consumer goods and associated guarantees – Article 3(2) – Device installed during the repair of a vehicle.#Case C-134/20.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 14 July 2022

Record· CJCELEX 62020CJ0145_RESdecided

Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 14 July 2022.#DS v Porsche Inter Auto GmbH & Co KG and Volkswagen AG.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Approximation of laws – Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 – Approval of motor vehicles – Article 5(2) – Defeat device – Motor vehicles – Diesel engines – Emission control system – Software installed in the electronic engine controller – Exhaust gas recirculation valve (‘EGR valve’) – Reduction in nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions limited by a ‘temperature window’ – Prohibition on the use of defeat devices that reduce the effectiveness of emission control systems – Article 5(2)(a) – Exception to that prohibition – Consumer protection – Directive 1999/44/EC – Sale of consumer goods and associated guarantees – Article 2(2)(d) – Concept of ‘goods which show the quality and performance which are normal in goods of the same type and which the consumer can reasonably expect, given the nature of the goods’ – Vehicle covered by an EC type-approval – Article 3(6) – Concept of a ‘minor lack of conformity’.#Case C-145/20.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 14 July 2022

Record· CJCELEX 62020CJ0145decided

Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 14 July 2022.#DS v Porsche Inter Auto GmbH & Co KG and Volkswagen AG.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Oberster Gerichtshof.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Approximation of laws – Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 – Approval of motor vehicles – Article 5(2) – Defeat device – Motor vehicles – Diesel engines – Emission control system – Software installed in the electronic engine controller – Exhaust gas recirculation valve (‘EGR valve’) – Reduction in nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions limited by a ‘temperature window’ – Prohibition on the use of defeat devices that reduce the effectiveness of emission control systems – Article 5(2)(a) – Exception to that prohibition – Consumer protection – Directive 1999/44/EC – Sale of consumer goods and associated guarantees – Article 2(2)(d) – Concept of ‘goods which show the quality and performance which are normal in goods of the same type and which the consumer can reasonably expect, given the nature of the goods’ – Vehicle covered by an EC type-approval – Article 3(6) – Concept of a ‘minor lack of conformity’.#Case C-145/20.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 14 July 2022

Record· CJCELEX 62020CJ0134decided

Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 14 July 2022.#IR v Volkswagen AG.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Landesgericht Eisenstadt.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Approximation of laws – Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 – Approval of motor vehicles – Article 3(10) – Article 5(1) and (2) – Defeat device – Motor vehicles – Diesel engines – Pollutant emissions – Emission control system – Software installed in the electronic engine controller – Exhaust gas recirculation valve (EGR valve) – Reduction in nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions limited by a ‘temperature window’ – Prohibition on the use of defeat devices that reduce the effectiveness of emission control systems – Article 5(2)(a) – Exception to that prohibition – Directive 1999/44/EC – Sale of consumer goods and associated guarantees – Article 3(2) – Device installed during the repair of a vehicle.#Case C-134/20.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 14 July 2022

Record· CJCELEX 62020CJ0128decided

Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 14 July 2022.#GSMB Invest GmbH & Co. KG v Auto Krainer GesmbH.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Landesgericht Klagenfurt.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Approximation of laws – Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 – Approval of motor vehicles – Article 3(10) – Article 5(1) and (2) – Defeat device – Motor vehicles – Diesel engines – Pollutant emissions – Emission control system – Software installed in the electronic engine controller – Exhaust gas recirculation valve (EGR valve) – Reduction in nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions limited by a ‘temperature window’ – Prohibition on the use of defeat devices that reduce the effectiveness of emission control systems – Article 5(2)(a) – Exception to that prohibition.#Case C-128/20.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 14 July 2022

Report· CCCELEX 62021CC0100decided

Opinion of Advocate General Rantos delivered on 2 June 2022.#QB v Mercedes-Benz Group AG.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Landgericht Ravensburg.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Approximation of laws – Approval of motor vehicles – Directive 2007/46/EC – Article 18(1) – Article 26(1) – Article 46 – Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 – Article 5(2) – Motor vehicles – Diesel engine – Pollutant emissions – Exhaust gas recirculation valve (EGR valve) – Reduction in nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions limited by a ‘temperature window’ – Defeat device – Protection of the interests of an individual purchaser of a vehicle equipped with an unlawful defeat device – Right to compensation from the vehicle manufacturer on the basis of tortious liability – Method of calculating compensation – Principle of effectiveness – Article 267 TFEU – Admissibility – Reference to the Court from a single judge.#Case C-100/21.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 2 June 2022

Record· CJCELEX 62019CJ0573_INFdecided

Judgment of the Court (Seventh Chamber) of 12 May 2022.#European Commission v Italian Republic.#Failure of a Member State to fulfil obligations – Environment – Directive 2008/50/EC – Ambient air quality – Article 13(1) and Annex XI – Systematic and persistent exceedance of the limit values for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in certain Italian zones and agglomerations – Article 23(1) – Annex XV – Exceedance period to be ‘as short as possible’ – Appropriate measures.#Case C-573/19.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 12 May 2022

Record· CJCELEX 62019CJ0573decided

Judgment of the Court (Seventh Chamber) of 12 May 2022.#European Commission v Italian Republic.#Failure of a Member State to fulfil obligations – Environment – Directive 2008/50/EC – Ambient air quality – Article 13(1) and Annex XI – Systematic and persistent exceedance of the limit values for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in certain Italian zones and agglomerations – Article 23(1) – Annex XV – Exceedance period to be ‘as short as possible’ – Appropriate measures.#Case C-573/19.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 12 May 2022

Report· CCCELEX 62021CC0061decided

Opinion of Advocate General Kokott delivered on 5 May 2022.#JP v Ministre de la Transition écologique and Premier ministre.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Cour administrative d'appel de Versailles.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Environment – Directives 80/779/EEC, 85/203/EEC, 96/62/EC, 1999/30/EC and 2008/50/EC – Air quality – Limit values for microparticles (PM10) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) – Exceeded – Air quality plans – Damage caused to an individual on account of deterioration of the air resulting from the exceedance of those limit values – Liability of the Member State concerned – Conditions for establishing that liability – Requirement that the rule of EU law infringed be intended to confer rights on the individuals who have been harmed – No such intention.#Case C-61/21.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 5 May 2022

Report· CCCELEX 62019CC0873decided

Opinion of Advocate General Rantos delivered on 3 March 2022.#Deutsche Umwelthilfe eV v Bundesrepublik Deutschland.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Schleswig-Holsteinisches Verwaltungsgericht.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Environment – Aarhus Convention – Access to justice – Article 9(3) – Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Article 47, first paragraph – Right to effective judicial protection – Environmental association – Standing of such an association to bring an action before a national court against EC type-approval granted to certain vehicles – Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 – Article 5(2)(a) – Motor vehicles – Diesel engine – Pollutant emissions – Valve for exhaust gas recirculation (EGR valve) – Reduction of nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions limited by a ‘temperature window’ – Defeat device – Authorisation of such a device where the need is justified in terms of protecting the engine against damage or accident and for safe operation of the vehicle – State of the art.#Case C-873/19.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 3 March 2022

Record· CJCELEX 62019CJ0177_RESdecided

Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 13 January 2022.#Federal Republic of Germany and Others v European Commission.#Appeal – Action for annulment – Environment – Type-approval of motor vehicles – Regulation (EU) 2016/646 – Emissions from light passenger and commercial vehicles (Euro 6) – Setting of the not-to-exceed (NTE) values for emissions of oxides of nitrogen during the real driving emission (RDE) tests – Fourth paragraph of Article 263 TFEU – Admissibility of an action – Infra-State entity with powers in the field of environmental protection to limit the circulation of certain vehicles – Condition that the applicant must be directly concerned.#Joined Cases C-177/19 P to C-179/19 P.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 13 January 2022

Record· CJCELEX 62019CJ0177decided

Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 13 January 2022.#Federal Republic of Germany and Others v European Commission.#Appeal – Action for annulment – Environment – Type approval of motor vehicles – Regulation (EU) 2016/646 – Emissions from light passenger and commercial vehicles (Euro 6) – Setting of the not-to-exceed (NTE) values for emissions of oxides of nitrogen during the real driving emission (RDE) tests – Fourth paragraph of Article 263 TFEU – Admissibility of an action – Infra-State entity with powers in the field of environmental protection to limit the circulation of certain vehicles – Condition that the applicant must be directly concerned.#Joined Cases C-177/19 P to C-179/19 P.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 13 January 2022

Report· CCCELEX 62020CC0128decided

Opinion of Advocate General Rantos delivered on 23 September 2021.#GSMB Invest GmbH & Co. KG v Auto Krainer GesmbH.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Landesgericht Klagenfurt.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Approximation of laws – Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 – Approval of motor vehicles – Article 3(10) – Article 5(1) and (2) – Defeat device – Motor vehicles – Diesel engines – Pollutant emissions – Emission control system – Software installed in the electronic engine controller – Exhaust gas recirculation valve (EGR valve) – Reduction in nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions limited by a ‘temperature window’ – Prohibition on the use of defeat devices that reduce the effectiveness of emission control systems – Article 5(2)(a) – Exception to that prohibition.#Case C-128/20.#DS v Porsche Inter Auto GmbH & Co KG and Volkswagen AG.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Oberster Gerichtshof.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Approximation of laws – Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 – Approval of motor vehicles – Article 5(2) – Defeat device – Motor vehicles – Diesel engines – Emission control system – Software installed in the electronic engine controller – Exhaust gas recirculation valve (‘EGR valve’) – Reduction in nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions limited by a ‘temperature window’ – Prohibition on the use of defeat devices that reduce the effectiveness of emission control systems – Article 5(2)(a) – Exception to that prohibition – Consumer protection – Directive 1999/44/EC – Sale of consumer goods and associated guarantees – Article 2(2)(d) – Concept of ‘goods which show the quality and performance which are normal in goods of the same type and which the consumer can reasonably expect, given the nature of the goods’ – Vehicle covered by an EC type-approval – Article 3(6) – Concept of a ‘minor lack of conformity’.#Case C-145/20.#IR v Volkswagen AG.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Landesgericht Eisenstadt.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Approximation of laws – Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 – Approval of motor vehicles – Article 3(10) – Article 5(1) and (2) – Defeat device – Motor vehicles – Diesel engines – Pollutant emissions – Emission control system – Software installed in the electronic engine controller – Exhaust gas recirculation valve (EGR valve) – Reduction in nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions limited by a ‘temperature window’ – Prohibition on the use of defeat devices that reduce the effectiveness of emission control systems – Article 5(2)(a) – Exception to that prohibition – Directive 1999/44/EC – Sale of consumer goods and associated guarantees – Article 3(2) – Device installed during the repair of a vehicle.#Case C-134/20.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 23 September 2021

Report· CCCELEX 62019CC0177decided

Opinion of Advocate General Bobek delivered on 10 June 2021.#Federal Republic of Germany and Others v European Commission.#Appeal – Action for annulment – Environment – Type approval of motor vehicles – Regulation (EU) 2016/646 – Emissions from light passenger and commercial vehicles (Euro 6) – Setting of the not-to-exceed (NTE) values for emissions of oxides of nitrogen during the real driving emission (RDE) tests – Fourth paragraph of Article 263 TFEU – Admissibility of an action – Infra-State entity with powers in the field of environmental protection to limit the circulation of certain vehicles – Condition that the applicant must be directly concerned.#Joined Cases C-177/19 P to C-179/19 P.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 10 June 2021

Record· CJCELEX 62018CJ0635_INFdecided

Judgment of the Court (Seventh Chamber) of 3 June 2021.#European Commission v Federal Republic of Germany.#Failure of a Member State to fulfil obligations – Environment – Directive 2008/50/EC – Ambient air quality – Article 13(1) and Annex XI – Systematic and constant exceedance of the limit values for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in certain zones and agglomerations of Germany – Article 23(1) – Annex XV – Exceedance period to be ‘as short as possible’ – Appropriate measures.#Case C-635/18.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 3 June 2021

Record· CJCELEX 62018CJ0635decided

Judgment of the Court (Seventh Chamber) of 3 June 2021.#European Commission v Federal Republic of Germany.#Failure of a Member State to fulfil obligations – Environment – Directive 2008/50/EC – Ambient air quality – Article 13(1) and Annex XI – Systematic and constant exceedance of the limit values for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in certain zones and agglomerations of Germany – Article 23(1) – Annex XV – Exceedance period to be ‘as short as possible’ – Appropriate measures.#Case C-635/18.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 3 June 2021

Record· TJCELEX 62019TJ0525_RESdecided

Judgment of the General Court (First Chamber) of 21 April 2021.#Intering Sh.p.k and Others v European Commission.#Public contracts – Tendering procedure – Reduction of dust and nitrogen oxide emissions at the Kosovo B thermal power plant, Units B1 and B2 – Rejection of the application – Application for annulment submitted in the reply – New claims – Manifest inadmissibility – Amendment of the selection criteria during the procedure – Equal treatment.#Case T-525/19.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 21 April 2021

Record· TJCELEX 62019TJ0525decided

Judgment of the General Court (First Chamber) of 21 April 2021.#Intering Sh.p.k and Others v European Commission.#Public contracts – Tendering procedure – Reduction of dust and nitrogen oxide emissions at the Kosovo B thermal power plant, Units B1 and B2 – Rejection of the application – Application for annulment submitted in the reply – New claims – Manifest inadmissibility – Amendment of the selection criteria during the procedure – Equal treatment.#Case T-525/19.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 21 April 2021

Record· CJCELEX 62018CJ0664_INFdecided

Judgment of the Court (Seventh Chamber) of 4 March 2021.#European Commission v United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.#Failure of a Member State to fulfil obligations – Environment – Directive 2008/50/EC – Ambient air quality – Article 13(1) and Annex XI – Systematic and persistent exceedance of the limit values for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in certain areas of the United Kingdom – Article 23(1) – Annex XV – Exceedance period to be ‘as short as possible’ – Appropriate measures.#Case C-664/18.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 4 March 2021

Record· CJCELEX 62018CJ0664decided

Judgment of the Court (Seventh Chamber) of 4 March 2021.#European Commission v United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.#Failure of a Member State to fulfil obligations – Environment – Directive 2008/50/EC – Ambient air quality – Article 13(1) and Annex XI – Systematic and persistent exceedance of the limit values for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in certain areas of the United Kingdom – Article 23(1) – Annex XV – Exceedance period to be ‘as short as possible’ – Appropriate measures.#Case C-664/18.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 4 March 2021

Record· CJCELEX 62019CJ0117decided

Judgment of the Court (Ninth Chamber) of 15 October 2020.#„Linas Agro“ AB v Muitinės departamentas prie Lietuvos Respublikos finansų ministerijos.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Mokestinių ginčų komisija prie Lietuvos Respublikos vyriausybės.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Customs union – Implementing Regulation (EU) No 999/2014 – Definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of solid fertilisers with an ammonium nitrate content exceeding 80% by weight – Definition – Regulation (EC) No 945/2005 – Determination of the ammonium nitrate content – Presumption that a product with a nitrogen content exceeding 28% by weight has an ammonium nitrate content exceeding 80% by weight.#Case C-117/19.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 15 October 2020

Record· CJCELEX 62018CJ0752_RESdecided

Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 19 December 2019.#Deutsche Umwelthilfe eV v Freistaat Bayern.#Reference for a preliminary ruling — Environment — Article 6, the first paragraph of Article 47 and Article 52(1) of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union — Directive 2008/50/EC — Atmospheric pollution — Ambient air quality — Air quality plan — Limit values for nitrogen dioxide — Obligation to adopt appropriate measures to ensure that any exceedance period is very short — Obligation on the national courts to take any necessary measure — Refusal of a regional government to comply with an injunction — Coercive detention contemplated in respect of senior political representatives or senior officials of the region concerned — Effective judicial protection — Right to liberty of the person — Legal basis — Proportionality.#Case C-752/18.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 19 December 2019

Record· CJCELEX 62018CJ0752decided

Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 19 December 2019.#Deutsche Umwelthilfe eV v Freistaat Bayern.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Bayerischer Verwaltungsgerichtshof.#Reference for a preliminary ruling — Environment — Article 6, the first paragraph of Article 47 and Article 52(1) of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union — Directive 2008/50/EC — Atmospheric pollution — Ambient air quality — Air quality plan — Limit values for nitrogen dioxide — Obligation to adopt appropriate measures to ensure that any exceedance period is very short — Obligation on the national courts to take any necessary measure — Refusal of a regional government to comply with an injunction — Coercive detention contemplated in respect of senior political representatives or senior officials of the region concerned — Effective judicial protection — Right to liberty of the person — Legal basis — Proportionality.#Case C-752/18.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 19 December 2019

Report· CCCELEX 62018CC0752decided

Opinion of Advocate General Saugmandsgaard Øe delivered on 14 November 2019.#Deutsche Umwelthilfe eV v Freistaat Bayern.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Bayerischer Verwaltungsgerichtshof.#Reference for a preliminary ruling — Environment — Article 6, the first paragraph of Article 47 and Article 52(1) of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union — Directive 2008/50/EC — Atmospheric pollution — Ambient air quality — Air quality plan — Limit values for nitrogen dioxide — Obligation to adopt appropriate measures to ensure that any exceedance period is very short — Obligation on the national courts to take any necessary measure — Refusal of a regional government to comply with an injunction — Coercive detention contemplated in respect of senior political representatives or senior officials of the region concerned — Effective judicial protection — Right to liberty of the person — Legal basis — Proportionality.#Case C-752/18.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 14 November 2019

Record· CJCELEX 62018CJ0636decided

Judgment of the Court (Seventh Chamber) of 24 October 2019.#European Commission v French Republic.#Failure of a Member State to fulfil obligations – Environment – Directive 2008/50/EC – Ambient air quality – Article 13(1) and Annex XI – Systematic and persistent exceedance of the limit values for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in certain French zones and agglomerations – Article 23(1) – Annex XV – Exceedance period ‘as short as possible’ – Appropriate measures.#Case C-636/18.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 24 October 2019

Record· CJCELEX 62017CJ0723decided

Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 26 June 2019.#Lies Craeynest and Others v Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest and Brussels Instituut voor Milieubeheer.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Nederlandstalige rechtbank van eerste aanleg Brussel.#Reference for a preliminary ruling — Directive 2008/50/EC — Articles 6, 7, 13 and 23 — Annex III — Assessment of air quality — Criteria for determining whether the nitrogen dioxide limit values have been exceeded — Measurements using fixed sampling points — Choice of appropriate sites — Interpretation of the values measured at the sampling points — Obligations of the Member States — Judicial review — Intensity of the review — Power to issue directions.#Case C-723/17.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 26 June 2019

Report· CCCELEX 62017CC0723decided

Opinion of Advocate General Kokott delivered on 28 February 2019.#Lies Craeynest and Others v Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest and Brussels Instituut voor Milieubeheer.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Nederlandstalige rechtbank van eerste aanleg Brussel.#Reference for a preliminary ruling — Directive 2008/50/EC — Articles 6, 7, 13 and 23 — Annex III — Assessment of air quality — Criteria for determining whether the nitrogen dioxide limit values have been exceeded — Measurements using fixed sampling points — Choice of appropriate sites — Interpretation of the values measured at the sampling points — Obligations of the Member States — Judicial review — Intensity of the review — Power to issue directions.#Case C-723/17.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 28 February 2019

Record· TJCELEX 62016TJ0339decided

Judgment of the General Court (Ninth Chamber, Extended Composition) of 13 December 2018.#Ville de Paris, Ville de Bruxelles and Ayuntamiento de Madrid v European Commission.#Environment — Regulation (EU) 2016/646 — Pollutant emissions from light passenger and commercial vehicles (Euro 6) — Setting of the not-to-exceed (NTE) values for emissions of oxides of nitrogen during the real driving emission (RDE) tests — Action for annulment — Powers of a municipal authority in the field of environmental protection to limit the circulation of certain vehicles — Direct concern — Admissibility — Lack of competence on the part of the Commission — Compliance with higher-ranking legal rules — Temporal adjustment of the effects of an annulment — Non-contractual liability — Compensation for the alleged harm to image and reputation.#Joined Cases T-339/16, T-352/16 and T-391/16.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 13 December 2018

Record· CJCELEX 62017CJ0293decided

Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber) of 7 November 2018.#Coöperatie Mobilisation for the Environment UA and Vereniging Leefmilieu v College van gedeputeerde staten van Limburg and College van gedeputeerde staten van Gelderland.#Requests for a preliminary ruling from the Raad van State.#Reference for a preliminary ruling — Directive 92/43/EEC — Conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora — Special areas of conservation — Article 6 — Appropriate assessment of the implications of a plan or project for a site — National programmatic approach to tackling nitrogen deposition — Concepts of ‘project’ and ‘appropriate assessment’ — Overall assessment prior to individual authorisations for farms which cause nitrogen deposition.#Joined Cases C-293/17 and C-294/17.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 7 November 2018

Report· CCCELEX 62017CC0293decided

Opinion of Advocate General Kokott delivered on 25 July 2018.#Coöperatie Mobilisation for the Environment UA and Vereniging Leefmilieu v College van gedeputeerde staten van Limburg and College van gedeputeerde staten van Gelderland.#Requests for a preliminary ruling from the Raad van State.#Reference for a preliminary ruling — Directive 92/43/EEC — Conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora — Special areas of conservation — Article 6 — Appropriate assessment of the implications of a plan or project for a site — National programmatic approach to tackling nitrogen deposition — Concepts of ‘project’ and ‘appropriate assessment’ — Overall assessment prior to individual authorisations for farms which cause nitrogen deposition.#Joined Cases C-293/17 and C-294/17.

European Union · Court of Justice of the European Union · 25 July 2018

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